The History and Heritage of Bich Dong Pagoda

Bich Dong Pagoda is an ancient temple built into the Trang An limestone mountain range in Nam Hoa Lu Ward, Ninh Binh Province. It is a historical and cultural relic within the Trang An - Tam Coc - Bich Dong Scenic Landscape Complex, which has been classified as a Special National Monument and recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Originally, the pagoda was named "Bach Ngoc Thach Son Dong"—meaning a beautiful, pure stone temple akin to jade, hidden deep within the remote mountains. It was not until 1774, when Lord Trinh Sam visited this site, that it was officially renamed Bich Dong Pagoda. Bich Dong Pagoda exemplifies a unique style of cave temple that is highly popular in Ninh Binh. Other notable examples of this architecture include Bai Dinh Pagoda, Dich Long Pagoda, Canh Dieu Pagoda, Ky Lan Pagoda, Hoa Son Pagoda, and Hang Pagoda. The Green Cave (Bich Dong) is a celebrated scenic landmark affectionately dubbed "Nam Thien De Nhi Dong," which translates to the "Second Most Beautiful Cave under the Southern Sky."